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commonly known as: striped lepidagathis • Bengali: ডোরা-ডোরা বাসক dora-dora basak • Hindi: पट्टी अड़ूसा patti arusa • Kannada: ಪಟ್ಟಿ ಅಡುಸೋಗೆ patti adusoge • Konkani: पट्टि अडुलसो patti adulso • Marathi: पट्टेरी अडुळसा patteri adulasa • Odia: ରସନା rasna • Telugu: చారల వాసక charala vasaka • Tulu: ಪಟ್ಟಿ ಆಡಲೋಡ್ patti aadalodu

commonly known as: large flowered calacanthus • Hindi: करंब karamb • Kannada: ಬಿಳಿ ಗೋರಂಟೆ bili gorante • Malayalam: കരിംകുറിഞ്ഞി karimkurunni, വെള്ളക്കുറിഞ്ഞി vellakurunni • Marathi: मुगूट mugut • Sanskrit: सहचरः sahacarah • Tulu: ಬೊಳ್ಡು ಗೋರಟೆ boldu gorate

Names compiled / updated at Names of Plants in India

commonly known as: cup-calyxed white cedar • Assamese: বান্দৰ ডিমা bandor dima • Bengali: বড গোটাধরা bara gotadhora • Garo: bol-narang, masispel • Kachari: bon-dau-iung, rata • Kannada: ಅಗಿಲ್ agil, ಕಾಡು ಗಂಧ kadu gandha • Karbi: khrang-kelok-arong • Konkani: एरंड erand, यरंडी yerandi • Malayalam: അകില്‍ akil • Marathi: देवदारू devadaru, येरिंडी yerindi • Mech: dingari-guphut, dingi-bomphang • Miri: galing-asing • Mizo: saha-ṭah • Naga: herenthak-chi-ching • Sylheti: hota-rata • Tamil: அகுணியகில் akuniyakil, செம்பில் cempil • Tippera: kaksok

Names compiled / updated at Names of Plants in India.

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/8286171401/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/8286169449/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/8287227134/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/8286172761/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/8287230666/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/8287232062/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/8287233642/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/8287235202/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/8287286544/

Many thanks to Dr. Prabhukumar KM (one of the author of this species) for the ID ... efloraofindia.

treated as synonym of Gymnostachyum pubescens (Lam.) M.R.Almeida at POWO

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/16250524319/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/16250541719/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/16410813506/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/15816728863/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/16410823216/

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/30763996343/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/31240577886/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/31132490622/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/31132573212/

Thanks to Dr Navendu Page for the ID ... efloraofindia.

commonly known as: cow-foot leaf • Kannada: ಭಾರಿಪತ್ರ ಮೆಣಸು bhaaripatra menasu • Malayalam: അട്ടനാറി attanaari, പന്നിപെരുവലം panniperuvalam, പീച്ചമ്പാൻ peechampan • Marathi: घोसपिंपळी ghosapimpali • Tamil: பெரிய இலை மிளகு periya ilai milaku

Names compiled / updated at Names of Plants in India.

commonly known as: Ceylon clematis, Ceylon naravelia • Assamese: চাগল লতি chagal lati, গোৰাপচৈ gorap-choi • Bengali: ছাগলবাটি chagalabati • Garo: behalisham, jyrmailasam, sangongri, shamgangri • Hindi: वातनाशिनी vatanasini • Kannada: ಅಗ್ನಿಬಳ್ಳಿ agniballi, ಅರಗಿನಬಳ್ಳಿ araginaballi, ಚರಚರ ಬಳ್ಳಿ charachara balli, ನಾಕ್ ಚಿಕನಿ naak chikani • Karbi: khoro-soi-rikang, nongnongbiki-ringkang • Khasi: jyrmai-lasam • Konkani: नरवेल naravel • Lepcha: tumbumchilop • Malayalam: എരിവള്ളി erivalli, കരുപ്പക്കൊടി karuppakkoti, തലവേദനവള്ളി thalavedanavalli, പൊഴന്തലച്ചി pozhanthalachi, വാതംകൊല്ലി vaathamkolli, വാതക്കൊടി vaathakkodi • Marathi: नरवेल naravel • Mishing: ৰামনাম ৰিবে ramnam-riube • Nepali: रसगार्गी rasagaargee • Odia: ଚଂଗୁଲ ବତୀ changul bati, ଗଣମାରି ganamari • Sanskrit: धनवल्ली dhanavalli, कृशानुग krshanuga • Tamil: வாதம்கொல்லி vatamkolli • Telugu: కారు పిప్పల తివ్వ karu pippala tivva, ముక్కు పీనాస తీగ mukku peenasa teega, పుల్ల బచ్చల pulla bachala • Tulu: ತರೆಕುತ್ತುಥ ಬಳ್ಳು tharekutthutha ballu

Names compiled / updated at Names of Plants in India.

Many thanks to Radha Veach for providing all the guidance and pointers w.r.t. the distribution and identification of this plant.

Distribution: In the forest of Tungareshwar Mountain, this plant is present at only evergreen patches and concentrated with dense population at few locations at these patches.

Distribution mentioned in the flora documentation:

1. Flora of the Presidency of Bombay -Theodore Cooke : Konkan(Stocks, Dalzell), Kanara: N. Kanara Ghats in evergreen forests, common in the forests near Nilkund and Gairsoppa Ghats
2. Forest Flora of the Bombay Presidency and Sind- W.A. Talbot : Sikkim Himalaya in hot valleys, Konkan and North Kanara , common in rain-forests near Nilkund and Gairsoppa Ghats
3. BSI Fascicles of Flora of India-Fascicle 24- A.P. Jagtap & N.P. Singh : India: Andaman, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Nicobar, Sikkim, West Bengal
4. BSI Flora of Maharashtra State- N.P. Singh , P. Laksmninarasimhan, S.Karthikeyan & P.V. Prasanna - Rare, Konkan (Cooke, op.cit.) , Mumbai
5. Flora of Maharashtra -M.R. Almeida : Bombay(Dalzell), Ramghat(S.M. Almeida), Konkan(Stocks, Dalzell)
6. Flora of Anshi National Park - Sachin A. Punekar, P. Lakshminarasimhan : Anshi , Anshi Ghat, Anshi-Ulvi Road

Some of the details of the plant observed :
Only one plant was seen in flowering -but could not observe flowers in detail as they were high up. Rest of the larger plants were in fruiting/seed dispersal stage.
Stems : lenticillate , terete, not striated, mature stems glabrous and very young stems are pubescent
Leaves can be as long as 5.5(or little more) inches, petiole of leaves(young leaves) are rufous pubescent but the leaf surface is glabrous on both sides. Minute glands are present at the base of the midvein on upper surface(as mentioned in Fl. of Anshi N.P- Sachin Punekar et al)

Many thanks to Radha Veach for the ID.

commonly known as: tapering nutmeg, wild nutmeg • Kannada: ಕಾಡು ಪಿಂಡೆ kaadu pinde, ರಕ್ತಮರ raktamara • Konkani: रान जायफळ ran jayphal • Kunbi: रान जाईफळ ran jaiphal • Malayalam: ചെന്നെല്ലി chennelli, ചോരപത്രി chorapatri, ചോരപ്പൈൻ chorappaain, ചോരപ്പാലി chorappali, ചോരപ്പം chorappam, ചോരപ്പാതിരി chorappathiri • Marathi: रान जायफळ ran jayaphal • Tamil: சுரபத்திரி cura-pattiri • Telugu: అడవి జాజికాయ adavi jajikaya • Tulu: ನೆತ್ತೆರ್ ವರ nettheru mara

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/2978995930/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/2978994454/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/2978997844/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/2979000628/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/2978147975/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/2979008908/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/2978510131/

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/49315686843/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/49316391577/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/49316390207/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/49315687523/

Many thanks to Dr Pankaj Kumar Sahani for the ID.

commonly known as: golden-yellow eulophia • Khandeshi: शिंगाड्या कंद shingadya kand • Marathi: अमरकंद amarkand

Names compiled / updated at Names of Plants in India.

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4713380585/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4714018644/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4713382805/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4713384909/

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4468651717/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4468647711/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4469426848/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4469823854/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4468650567/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4468651085/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4469047263/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/4468654079/

Image source:

https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/11274573886/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/11274671023/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/11274589696/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/11274621843/

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/5070774313/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/5071379748/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/5070774815/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/5070775467/

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/5780282932/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/5780286514/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/5780294000/

Many thanks to Shrikant Ingalhalikar for the ID.

commonly known as: curled aerides • Marathi: पान शिंग pan shing, रुक शिंग ruk shing

Names compiled / updated at Names of Plants in India

Image source:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/28509988413/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/29023500942/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/29096142926/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/28506922434/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dinesh_valke/28509932143/

Tentative ID based on following characteristics of the plant:
Leaves: Leaf blade gradually running into the petiole. Petioles shorter than the blade. Leaf-blades elongate-lanceolate or elongate-elliptical , 10-30 cm long, leaf base-cuneate, running into the petiole, tip acuminate

Spathe: Spathe with the tube between the kettle and limb.
Spathe tube gradually changing into the spathe limb.

Spathe Limb: limb spirally twisted above (7 or more turns resembling a cork-screw),
Spathe limb opening by a narrow slit.

Habitat :Gregariously present in shallow water patches and moist soil in the river bed of Tansa river.

Few Caterpillars same as the observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/69802904
were also present on the leaf of the plant. (observation of the caterpillar: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/69846291)

Scientific name
Bulbophyllum fimbriatum (Lindl). Rchb.f.

Common name-
Fringed orchid, Umbrella orchid, Banana orchid.

मराठी नाव-
छत्री अमरी.

Family-
Orchideaceae.

Endemic to Western Ghats of India.

The Small Indian Civet (Viverricula indica) is a civet native to South and Southeast Asia. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List because of its widespread distribution, widespread habitat use and healthy populations living in agricultural and secondary landscapes of many range states.

Botanical name-
Eulophia pratensis.

Common name-
Meadow eulophia.
Meadow eulophia is a terrestrial orchid upto 50cm tall. Typically found in marshy and grassy area along river beds and seasonal water channels. It's Endemic to Western Ghats, nearly threatened species

Flowering period- December to Match